A pilot intervention to reduce postpartum weight retention at primary health care in Brazil

Background: postpartum weight retention (PWR) strongly predicts obesity, the major nutritional concern of this century; however, there is a gap in nutritional care for postpartum women in Brazil. Objective: to evaluate the effect of nutritional counselling provided at primary health care on the reduction of PWR. Method: pilot study carried out in a low-income community in southeastern Brazil, involving postpartum women with PWR, who were provided with individual monthly appointments with a nutritionist over three months of follow-up. Nutritional counselling was based on the Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH diet) aiming at healthy and gradual weight loss. Anthropometric evaluation included measurement of weight, height, waist circumference and percentage of body fat. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and adherence to diet was evaluated using a DASH score. Results: women who participated in the study (n = 26) showed a reduction in PWR (median -1.80 kg, p = 0.004), body mass index (-0.57 kg/m², p = 0.004), and waist circumference (-2.50 cm, p = 0.024), as well as 91.67% of them presented good adherence to diet. Conclusion: nutritional counselling provided to low-income postpartum women at primary health care contributed to the reduction of PWR, body mass index and waist circumference, as the study participants presented good adherence to a healthy dietary pattern.