Nosología y clasificación de los trastornos psicológicos

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) and the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) are descriptive classifications of abnormal behavior, necessary in psychology and psychiatry as useful guides for clinical practice. The use of one manual or the other could lead to quite different results. What in one manual is considered a disorder may not be in the other. Furthermore, the definitions and criteria they are based on may be different. The purpose of this systematic review was to find out the current preference of these two nosologies for selection of one or another for diagnosis of mental disorders by means of the analysis of the classification used in articles published in recent years. To do this, a systematic review was done in the Dialnet, Psicodoc and PsicINFO databases. The results show the dominance of the DSM over the CIE for diagnosis. In the distribution by country, the majority selection of the DSM is observed in Latin American countries and Spain. And with regard to the edition of the nosology most used, the fourth edition of the DSM stands out over the rest of editions, whether of the DSM or CIE. This confirms what has already been established in previous studies where the Spanish preference was marked by the APA nosology.