Descripción y análisis de las tecnologías diagnósticas OCT, HRT y GDx en glaucoma: un enfoque para la optometría clínica

Objective : To describe and analyze, through a literature review, the OCT (optical coherence tomography), HRT (Heidelberg tomography) and GDx (nerve fiber analyzer) diagnostic technologies in glaucoma, as an approach to clinical optometry. Materials and methods : A systematic primary literature search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Elsevier, among others; literary texts related to the subject, written in English, Spanish and Portuguese, were also included. The information was selected within a period of publication between 2007 and 2014. Conclusion : The OCT uses a wavelength of 820 nm, assesses the retina and determines the appearance of the disease; HRT works with a 670 nm diode laser and generates three-dimensional images of the optic nerve, making it the most specific diagnostic technology to assess glaucoma; GDx employs a 780 nm polarized laser and evaluates the optic nerve, and is therefore ideal for monitoring the disease, as it determines minimal changes. Such equipment has a favorable applicability for detecting and monitoring the glaucoma; regardless of what instrument is used, it is essential for the professional have the competence to interpret the results and correlate with a clinical examination.