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portuguesOs fatores fisiologicos que determinam a produtividade de uma cultura sao influenciados pela compactacao do solo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar atraves da tecnica de agricultura de precisao (AP) o efeito de dois tipos de subsolador no desenvolvimento do milho e na resistencia de um Nitossolo Vermelho a penetracao. O experimento foi realizado em 3 talhoes de 0,5 ha cada, tendo como tratamentos: cultivo minimo com subsolador dotado de disco de corte e rolo destorroador (CMd), cultivo minimo com subsolador convencional (CMc) e sistema plantio direto (SPD) como testemunha. Foram mensurados a resistencia mecânica media do solo a penetracao (RP) de 0,0-0,30 m, altura de planta, massa seca e produtividade do milho, estes atraves de uma malha amostral de 6 pontos por talhao. A RP media variou de 0,51-2,01 MPa no CMc, contra 1,26-1,76 MPa do CMd, ja o SPD oscilou de 1,01-1,76 MPa. A altura de plantas foi melhor nos cultivo minimo, sendo que no CMd variou de 1,87-2,09 m, contra de 1,65-2,09m no CMc, e 1,76-1,98m, demonstrado melhores condicoes para o CMd. A massa seca de raiz foi menor no SPD, 30-60g planta-1, CMd houve aumento no limite inferior, demonstrando variacao de 40-60g planta-1, e aumento no CMc, de 30-70 g plantas-1. A produtividade do milho foi maior no CMd, seguido do CMc e SPD, sendo variacao de 10,2 a 17,7 Mg ha-1, a 8,70-17,70 Mg ha-1, e 8,7 a11,7 Mg ha-1 respectivamente, demonstrando que o subsolador com disco gera melhores condicoes para o desenvolvimento do milho EnglishThe physiological factors that determine the productivity of a crop are influenced by soil compaction. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of two types of subsoil in the development of corn and the resistance of a Red Nitosol to penetration. The experiment was carried out in 3 plots of 0,5 ha each, with treatments: minimum cultivation with subsoiler equipped with cutting disc and ripper roller (CMd), minimum cultivation with conventional subsoiler (CMc) and no-tillage system (SPD) as witness. The mean mechanical strength of the soil at the penetration (RP) of 0-0,30 m, plant height, dry mass and maize productivity were measured through a sample mesh of 6 points per plot. Mean RP ranged from 0,51-2,01 MPa in CMc, versus 1,26-1,76 MPa in CMd, while SPD ranged from 1,01-1,76 MPa. The height of plants was better in the minimum cultivation, and in CMd ranged from 1,87-2,09 m, compared to 1,65-2,09 m in CMc, and 1,76-1,98 m, demonstrated better conditions for CMd. The root dry mass was lower in SPD, 30-60 g plant-1, CMd increased in the lower limit, showing a variation of 40-60 g plant-1, and an increase in CMc, of 30-70 g plants-1. Maize productivity was higher in CMd, followed by CMc and SPD, ranging from 10,2 to 17,7 Mg ha-1, at 8,70-17,70 Mg ha-1, and 8,7 to 11,7 Mg ha-1 respectively, demonstrating that the disc subsoiler generates better conditions for corn development.

Desenvolvimento radicular e folhar do milho (zea mays) sob diferentes tipos de subsolagem