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The purpose of this study was to investigate the synergistic effects of calcium ion-protein energy malnutrition (Ca2+-PEM) and methanolic extract of Plumbago zeylanica (PZ) root on mitochondria permeability transition (MPTP). Twenty four male wistar rats were studied. The wistar rats were divided into two group (an experimental and a control) of twelve each. The experimental rats were fed with protein deficient diet and those of Control were fed with normal rat chow and water ad libitum respectively for 42 days. 3mM Ca2+, 1mM Mg2+, 120µg/ml, 160µg/ml and 200µg/m of PZ extract were used to monitor MPTP induction and inhibition in both experimental and control wistar rats. The rats were sacrificed and mitochondria were isolated from the livers to monitor MPTP. Our study showed that Ca2+ and Mg2+ induced and inhibited MPTP respectively. However, PEM drastically increased Ca2+ and Mg2+ MPTP induction and inhibition respectively when compared to control. At varying dose and timing, PZ extracts steadily induce MPTP in both experimental and control wistar rats. Taken together, the results obtained suggest that Ca2+-PEM increased MPTP induction while PEM slowed down MPTP induction of PZ extract in dose and time dependent pattern when compared to the control that plausibly suggests PEM may increase Ca2+ induction of MPTP and as well mitigate therapeutic effects of PZ extract in diseases related to mitochondria targeting.

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Synergistic Effects of Calcium-Protein Energy Malnutrition and Methanolic Extract of Plumbago zeylanica Root on Mitochondria Permeability Transition Pore: An In Vitro Study