Current approaches in gestational diabetes mellitus

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is one of the most common medical complications in pregnancy and has become a global public health issue in terms of causing fetal and maternal morbidity and mortality in short- and long-term. The number of cases of GDM all over the world has been increasing day by day and they include risks for mother and baby health compared to healthy pregnancies. GDM screening and diagnostic phase has complete different approaches and there is no common consensus. Once GDM is diagnosed, pharmacologic treatment can be necessary in addition to strict blood sugar follow-up, regular exercise, and diet regulation. In postpartum period, medical monitoring is also necessary due to increased risk of diabetes mellitus in women with GDM. In this paper, we will also discuss approaches suggested in the GDM in the context of current guidelines and literature.