Providing Patient-Focused Care Within a Managed Care and Pharmaceutical Care Environment: A Person/Situation Interactionist Model for Community Practitioners

OBJECTIVE: To propose an interactionist model of community pharmacists' patient-focused care to help researchers examine patient care activities under the twin paradigm changes of managed care and pharmaceutical care. SETTING: Community pharmacies. DESCRIPTION: The model suggests that more accurate predictions concerning community practitioners' patient care activities can be made by simultaneously examining both individual variables (e.g., self-efficacy) and situational variables (e.g., organizational reward system) than by examining either one separately. A major component of the model uses Kohlberg's cognitive moral development theory, which has been significantly and pragmatically linked to health professionals' clinical performance. Research propositions are offered and directions of future research discussed.