Perder el lugar: Un caso de estudio del desplazamiento en Colombia

Losing One’s Place – A Case Study of Colombia’s Displaced Citizenship The study of social frameworks where violence is shaped requires an analysis of armed actions not as isolated events but linked to the structural conditions that enable their emergence. The normalization of violence in marginal rural areas not only destroys the place where victims have rights (their home) but also the very idea of being holders of rights. The physically forced displacement of these rural inhabitants is thus seen as the concretization of a previous social displacement that had taken their citizenship away in the first place. The effects of these measures of reparation in Colombia are limited (and even counterproductive) because violence and forced displacement have only been understood in terms of their physical dimensions and are not directed toward achieving a democratic transformation that would bring the victims back into the political community. Resumen: El estudio de las tramas sociales donde se forma la violencia exige analizar las acciones armadas no de forma aislada sino encadenadas a las condiciones estructurales que posibilitaron su aparicion. La normalizacion de la violencia en los sectores marginales rurales destruye no solo el lugar de derecho de las victimas (su hogar) sino la idea misma de ser sujetos de derechos. El desplazamiento forzado fisico de estas poblaciones se entiende asi como la materializacion de un desplazamiento social previo que las privo de la condicion de ciuda-dania en primer lugar. Los efectos de las medidas de reparacion en Colombia son limitados (e incluso contraproducentes) porque entienden la violencia y el desplazamiento forzado solo en su dimension fisica y no estan orientadas por tanto a lograr una transformacion democratica que incorpore a las victimas dentro de la comunidad politica.