Comparison of Bone grafts for Alveolar ridge dimensional preservation

Alveolar bone remodeling after tooth extraction has been long considered unavoidable. Ridge resorption is greatest within 6 months. Bone dimen sional changes complicate tooth replacement therapy . Recently, the use of biomaterials for ridge preserv ation has been researched thoroughly. The main ques tion i whether there are any benefits of bone grafting to the extraction socket. Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the effect that socket filling with a bon e graft has on alveolar ridge volume loss as compar ed with tooth extraction alone. Materials and methods: A database search was conducted according to the PR ISMA guidelines. We searched for studies published betwe en 01.10.2012 and 01.10.2017. Results: Five studies investigated alveolar ridge bucco-oral dimension pr ese vation using xenograft. Overall, the intervent ions with this graft were more beneficial in terms of width m aintenance than tooth extraction alone. Four articl es analyzed socket bucco-oral dimension maintenance using synth etic alloplast. The results were inconclusive, as 3 studies reported greater width and one article described a greater bone width in the control group. Four studi es investigated the preservation of alveolar bone heig ht after socket preservation. In the bovine derived x nograft subgroup, the effect of ridge height was greater th an extraction alone. Two studies researched ridge h eight preservation after extraction using synthetic allop last. The results were in favor of the test group, but were statistically insignificant. Conclusions: Alveolar ridge preservation using xenograft shows g reater dimensional preservation than no graft. The results for the all oplast group were inconclusive. More and less heter ogeneous studies are needed to compare these materials.