Significant Cases Of Elementary Students' Development Of Engineering Perceptions

Elementary engineering, or the inclusion of engineering ideas and concepts into the elementary school curriculum, is an area that has been recently developing. Because it is still an emergent area, not much is known about how students develop engineering understanding. The purpose of this study was to examine grades 3-5 students’ perceptions of engineering, the engineering design process, and the work of engineers as a result of engaging in a series of standards-based engineering learning activities. Emphasis was placed on identifying three cases of significance, one from each grade level, whereby the students exhibited significant growth in understanding of what engineering entails, what engineers do, and how the engineering design process works. Using situated learning as a theoretical lens, researchers in this study explored how students constructed and re-constructed their understandings before and after the learning experiences. Data were collected in the form of preand post-administration of the Draw-an-Engineer Task (DAET), the Engineering Identity Development Scale (EIDS), knowledge assessments, and semi-structured interviews. Data were analyzed using content analysis and grounded theory. All data sources were triangulated in an effort to recognize recurring patterns and assertions. Results from this study indicated that the three students reported more accurate and informed perceptions of engineers, specific examples of professional engineers, and improved understanding and application of the engineering design process, as a result of participating in the engineering learning activities. Implications for this study reinforce the notion that multiple data sources are necessary for accurately assessing what students do and do not know about engineering. Furthermore, this study sheds light on the need for the design and implementation of learning activities that will challenge and transform students’ misconceptions about engineering.