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Using reverse transcription in conjunction with the quantitative real-time PCR or digital droplet PCR,  the transcriptome profiling of human chromosome 18 has been carried out in liver hepatocytes and hepatoblastoma cells  (HepG2 cell line) in terms of the absolute number of each transcript per cell. The transcript abundance varies within  the range of 0.006 to 9635 and 0.011 to 4819 copies per cell for HepG2 cell line and hepatocytes, respectively.  The expression profiles for genes of chromosome 18 in hepatocytes and HepG2 cells were found to significantly  correlate: the Spearman's correlation coefficient was equal to 0.81. The distribution of frequency of transcripts  over their abundance was bimodal for HepG2 cells and unimodal for liver hepatocytes. Bioinformatic analysis  of the differential gene expression has revealed that genes of chromosome 18, overexpressed in HepG2 cells compared  to hepatocytes, are associated with cell division and cell adhesion processes. It is assumed that the enhanced expression  of those genes in HepG2 cells is related to the proliferation activity of cultured cells. The differences in transcriptome  profiles have to be taken into account when modelling liver hepatocytes with cultured HepG2 cells.

PCR analysis of the absolute number of copies of human chromosome 18 transcripts in liver and HepG2 cells