Relectura de la Ley 20/2013, de 9 de diciembre, desde la perspectiva del recurso para la garantía de la unidad de mercado

espanolEn 2017, el Tribunal Constitucional anulo el principio de eficacia nacional previsto en la LGUM. Con ello podria pensarse, equivocadamente, que la finalidad principal de la Ley ha quedado virtualmente desactivada. Este estudio pretende desmentir tal impresion. La Ley se sustenta en dos grandes ejes. Uno de ellos (el anulado) pretendia lograr la unidad del mercado espanol por la via de conceder eficacia extraterritorial a las decisiones de las distintas autoridades competentes (esencia del principio de eficacia nacional). El otro gran eje (subsistente) consiste en la limitacion de las facultades de intervencion de las autoridades publicas espanolas en las actividades economicas a traves de normas basicas del Estado. Un analisis de la aplicacion practica de la LGUM por parte de la CNMC a traves del recurso para la garantia de la unidad de mercado muestra que la parte subsistente de la LGUM es, precisamente, la que venia siendo objeto de una mayor atencion. Asi pues, la efectividad practica de la Ley ha quedado casi intacta, a efectos del recurso senalado, pese al pronunciamiento anulatorio. EnglishIn 2017, the Constitutional Court annulled the principle of national effectiveness foreseen in the LGUM. With this, one might think, mistakenly, that the main purpose of the Law has virtually disappeared. This study disagrees with such interpretation. The Law is based on two main axes. One of them (the annulled one) aimed to achieve the unity of the Spanish market by granting extraterritorial effectiveness to the decisions of the different competent authorities (essence of the principle of national efficiency). The other major axis (subsisting) is the limitation of the powers of intervention of the Spanish public authorities in economic activities through basic State rules. An analysis of the practical application of the LGUM by the CNMC through the judicial appeal for the guarantee of the market unity, shows that the subsisting part of the LGUM is, precisely, the one that had been receiving the most attention. Thus, the practical effectiveness of the Law has remained almost intact, for the purposes of the abovementioned appeal, despite the annulment pronouncement.