Spiritual heritage of national culture in the scientific tradition of the Psychological Institute

The article is dedicated to the fiftieth anniversary of the publication of the book by a famous Russian scientist M.V. Sokolov, "Essays on the history of psychological thoughts in Russia in XI – XVIII centuries." This is the only scientific and psychological monograph of the Soviet period, in which for the first time at the level of academic research the topical problem of historical and genetic roots of contemporary Soviet psychology has been posed and studied, the systematization of basic substantive aspects of the first psychological tractates has been done, and the basic principles of their methodology were highlighted: an integrative approach to systematization of psychological data on the hierarchy of man's inner world, obtained in a single field of cognitive potential of natural science and speculation methods. Comprehensive analysis of original documents allowed the scientist to identify a number of descriptive models of psychological issues development by medieval Russia sophists, belonging to different social strata and ideological lines, and critically overcome the ideology of Soviet period, distorting the perception of time frames of the process of the formation and maintenance of psychological demands of Russian people.