Open AccessGlobal, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016
Author(s) -
Theo Vos,
Amanuel Alemu Abajobir,
Cristiana Abbafati,
Kaja Abbas,
Kalkidan Hassen Abate,
Foad Abd-Allah,
Abdishakur Abdulle,
Teshome Abuka Abebo,
Semaw Ferede Abera,
Victor Aboyans,
Laith J. AbuRaddad,
Ila. Ackerman,
Abdu A. Adamu,
Olatunji Adetokunboh,
Mohsen Afarideh,
Ashkan Afshin,
Sanjay Agarwal,
Rakesh Aggarwal,
Anurag Agrawal,
Sutapa Agrawal,
Ali Kiadaliri,
Hamid Ahmadieh,
Muktar Beshir Ahmed,
Amani Nidhal Aichour,
Ibtihel Aichour,
Miloud Taki Eddine Aichour,
Sneha Aiyar,
Rufus Akinyemi,
Nadia Akseer,
Faris Lami,
Fares Alahdab,
Ziyad AlAly,
Khurshid Alam,
Noore Alam,
Shazia Alam,
Deena Alasfoor,
Kefyalew Addis Alene,
Raghib Ali,
Reza AlizadehNavaei,
Ala’a Alkerwi,
François Alla,
Peter Allebeck,
Christine Allen,
Fatma AlMaskari,
Rajaa AlRaddadi,
Ubai Alsharif,
Shirina Alsowaidi,
Khalid A Altirkawi,
Azmeraw T. Amare,
Erfan Amini,
Walid Ammar,
Yaw Ampem Amoako,
Hjalte Holm Andersen,
Carl Abelardo T. Antonio,
Palwasha Anwari,
Johan Ärnlöv,
Al Artaman,
Krishna Kumar Aryal,
Hamid Asayesh,
Solomon Weldegebreal Asgedom,
Reza Assadi,
Tesfay Mehari Atey,
Niguse Tadele Atnafu,
Sachin Atre,
Leticia ÁvilaBurgos,
Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho,
Ashish Awasthi,
Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla,
Huda Omer Ba Saleem,
Umar Bacha,
Alaa Badawi,
Kalpana Balakrishnan,
Amitava Banerjee,
Marlena S. Bannick,
Aleksandra Barać,
Ryan M Barber,
Suzanne BarkerCollo,
Till Bärnighausen,
Sı́món Barquera,
Lars Barregård,
Lope H Barrero,
Sanjay Basu,
Bob Battista,
Katherine E. Battle,
Bernhard T. Baune,
Shahrzad Bazargan-Hejazi,
Justin Beardsley,
Neeraj Bedi,
Ettore Beghi,
Yannick Béjot,
Bayu Begashaw Bekele,
Michelle L. Bell,
Derrick Bennett,
Isabela M. Benseñor,
J. L. Benson,
Adugnaw Berhane,
Derbew Fikadu Berhe,
Eduardo Bernabé,
Balem Demtsu Betsu,
Mircea Beuran,
Addisu Shunu Beyene,
Neeraj Bhala,
Anil Bhansali,
Samir Bhatt,
Zulfiqar A Bhutta,
Sibhatu Biadgilign,
Kelly Bienhoff,
Boris Bikbov,
Charles Birungi,
Stan Biryukov,
Donal Bisanzio,
Habtamu Mellie Bizuayehu,
Dube Jara Boneya,
Soufiane Boufous,
Rupert Bourne,
Alexandra Bražinová,
Traolach Brugha,
Rachelle Buchbinder,
Lemma N Bulto,
Blair R Bumgarner,
Zahid A Butt,
Lucero Cahuana-Hurtado,
Ewan Cameron,
Mate Car,
Hélène Carabin,
Jonathan R. Carapetis,
Rosario Cárdenas,
David O. Carpenter,
Juan Jesús Carrero,
Austin Carter,
Félix Carvalho,
Daniel Casey,
Valeria Caso,
Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela,
Chris D Castle,
Ferrán Catalá-López,
HsingYi Chang,
JungChen Chang,
Fiona J Charlson,
Honglei Chen,
Mirriam Chibalabala,
Chioma Ezinne Chibueze,
Vesper Hichilombwe Chisumpa,
Abdulaal Chitheer,
Devasahayam Jesudas Christopher,
Liliana G Ciobanu,
Massimo Círillo,
Danny V. Colombara,
Cyrus Cooper,
Paolo Angelo Cortesi,
Michael H Criqui,
John A. Crump,
Abel Fekadu Dadi,
Koustuv Dalal,
Lalit Dandona,
Rakhi Dandona,
José das Neves,
Dragoş Virgil Daviţoiu,
Barbora de Courten,
Diego De Leo,
Louisa Degenhardt,
Selina Deiparine,
Robert P Dellavalle,
Kebede Deribe,
Don C. Des Jarlais,
Subhojit Dey,
Samath D Dharmaratne,
Preet K. Dhillon,
Daniel Dicker,
Eric L. Ding,
Shirin Djalalinia,
Huyen Phuc Do,
E. Ray Dorsey,
Kadine Priscila Bender Dos Santos,
Dirk DouwesSchultz,
Kerrie E Doyle,
Tim Driscoll,
Manisha Dubey,
Bruce Bartholow Duncan,
Ziad ElKhatib,
Jerisha Ellerstrand,
Ahmadali Enayati,
Aman Yesuf Endries,
Sergey Petrovich Ermakov,
Holly E Erskine,
Babak Eshrati,
Sharareh Eskandarieh,
Alireza Esteghamati,
Kara Estep,
Fanuel Belayneh Bekele Fanuel,
Carla Sofia E. Farinha,
André Faro,
Farshad Farzadfar,
Mir Sohail Fazeli,
Valery L. Feigin,
SeyedMohammad Fereshtehnejad,
João Carlos Fernandes,
Alize J Ferrari,
Tesfaye Regassa Feyissa,
Irina Filip,
Florian Fischer,
Christina Fitzmaurice,
Abraham D Flaxman,
Luísa Sório Flor,
Nataliya A Foigt,
Kyle J Foreman,
Richard C. Franklin,
Nancy Fullman,
Thomas Fürst,
João M. Furtado,
Neal D. Futran,
Emmanuela Gakidou,
Morsaleh Ganji,
Alberto L. GarcíaBasteiro,
Teshome Gebre,
Tsegaye Tewelde Gebrehiwot,
Ayele Geleto,
Bikila Lencha,
Hailay Abrha Gesesew,
Peter W. Gething,
Alireza Ghajar,
Katherine B. Gibney,
Paramjit Gill,
Richard F Gillum,
Ibrahim Ginawi,
Ababi Zergay Giref,
Melkamu Dedefo Gishu,
Giorgia Giussani,
William W Godwin,
Audra L Gold,
Ellen M Goldberg,
Philimon Gona,
Amador Goodridge,
Sameer Vali Gopalani,
Atsushi Goto,
Alessandra C. Goulart,
Max Griswold,
H. C. Gugnani,
Rahul Gupta,
Tarun Gupta,
Tanush Gupta,
Vipin Gupta,
Nima HafeziNejad,
Alemayehu Hailu,
Gessessew Bugssa Hailu,
Randah R Hamadeh,
Samer Hamidi,
Alexis J. Handal,
Graeme J. Hankey,
Yuantao Hao,
Hilda L Harb,
Habtamu Abera Hareri,
Josep María Haro,
James Harvey,
Mohammad Sadegh Hassanvand,
Rasmus Havmoeller,
Caitlin Hawley,
Roderick J. Hay,
Simon I Hay,
Nathaniel J Henry,
Ileana Heredia-Pi,
Pouria Heydarpour,
Hans W. Hoek,
Howard J. Hoffman,
Nobuyuki Horita,
Hung Chak Ho,
Sorin Hostiuc,
Peter J. Hotez,
Damian G Hoy,
Aung Soe Htet,
Guoqing Hu,
Hsiang Huang,
Chantal Huynh,
Kim Moesgaard Iburg,
Ehimario Igumbor,
Chad Ikeda,
Caleb Mackay Salpeter Irvine,
Kathryn H. Jacobsen,
Nader Jahanmehr,
Mihajlo Jakovljević,
Simerjot K Jassal,
Mehdi Javanbakht,
Sudha Jayaraman,
Panniyammakal Jeemon,
Paul N. Jensen,
Vivekanand Jha,
Guohong Jiang,
Denny John,
Catherine O. Johnson,
Sarah Charlotte Johnson,
Jost B. Jonas,
Mikk Jürisson,
Zubair Kabir,
Rajendra Kadel,
Amaha Kahsay,
Ritul Kamal,
Haidong Kan,
Nadim E Karam,
André Karch,
Corine Karema,
Amir Kasaeian,
Getachew Mullu Kassa,
Nigussie Assefa Kassaw,
Nicholas J Kassebaum,
Anshul Kastor,
Srinivasa Vittal Katikireddi,
Anil Kaul,
Norito Kawakami,
Peter Njenga Keiyoro,
André Pascal Kengne,
Andre Keren,
Yousef Khader,
Fakher Rahim,
Ejaz Ahmad Khan,
YoungHo Khang,
Ardeshir Khosravi,
Jagdish Khubchandani,
Christian Kieling,
Daniel Kim,
Pauline Kim,
Yun Jin Kim,
Ruth W Kimokoti,
Yohannes Kinfu,
Adnan Kısa,
Katarzyna KissimovaSkarbek,
Mika Kivimäki,
Ann Kristin Knudsen,
Yoshihiro Kokubo,
Dhaval Kolte,
Jacek A Kopec,
Soewarta Kosen,
Parvaiz A Koul,
Ai Koyanagi,
Michael Kravchenko,
Sanjay Krishnaswami,
Kristopher J Krohn,
Barthélémy Kuate Defo,
Burcu Küçük Biçer,
G. Anil Kumar,
Pushpendra Kumar,
Sanjiv Kumar,
Hmwe Hmwe Kyu,
G Anil Kumar,
Ratilal Lalloo,
Nkurunziza Lambert,
Qing Lan,
Anders Larsson,
Pablo M Lavados,
Janet L Leasher,
Jong-Tae Lee,
Paul H. Lee,
James Leigh,
Cheru Tesema Leshargie,
Janni Leung,
Ricky Leung,
Miriam Levi,
Li Y,
Yongmei Li,
Darya Li Kappe,
Xiaofeng Liang,
Misgan Legesse Liben,
Stephen S Lim,
Shai Linn,
Angela Liu,
Patrick Y. Liu,
Shiwei Liu,
Yang Liu,
Rakesh Lodha,
Giancarlo Logroscino,
Stephanie J. London,
Justin Lo,
Alan D López,
Stefan Lorkowski,
Paulo A. Lotufo,
Nicola Low,
Rafael Lozano,
Timothy H. Lucas,
Erlyn Rachelle King Macarayan,
Hassan Magdy El Razek,
Mohammed Magdy El Razek,
Mehdi Mahdavi,
Marek Majdán,
Reza Majdzadeh,
Azeem Majeed,
Reza Malekzadeh,
Rajesh Malhotra,
Déborah Carvalho Malta,
Abdullah Al Mamun,
Helena Manguerra,
Treh Manhertz,
Ana Mantilla,
LG Mantovani,
Chabila Christopher Mapoma,
Laurie B. Marczak,
Jose Martinez-Raga,
Francisco Rogerlândio MartinsMelo,
Ira Martopullo,
Winfried März,
Manu Raj Mathur,
Mohsen Mazidi,
Colm McAlinden,
Madeline McGaughey,
John J. McGrath,
Martin McKee,
Claire R. McNellan,
Suresh Mehata,
Man Mohan Mehndiratta,
Tefera Chane Mekonnen,
Peter Memiah,
Ziad A. Memish,
Walter Mendoza,
Mubarek Abera,
Desalegn Tadese Mengistu,
George A. Mensah,
Atte Meretoja,
Tuomo J Meretoja,
Haftay Berhane Mezgebe,
Renata Micha,
Anoushka Millear,
Ted R. Miller,
Edward J Mills,
Mojde Mirarefin,
Erkin М Мirrakhimov,
Awoke Misganaw,
Shiva Raj Mishra,
Philip B. Mitchell,
Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad,
Alireza Mohammadi,
Kedir Endris Mohammed,
Shafiu Mohammed,
Sanjay K. Mohanty,
Ali H. Mokdad,
Sarah K. Mollenkopf,
Lorenzo Monasta,
Julio Montañez Hernandez,
Marcella Montico,
Maziar MoradiLakeh,
Paula Moraga,
Rintaro Mori,
Chloe Morozoff,
Shane D. Morrison,
Mark Moses,
Cliff Mountjoy-Venning,
Kalayu Brhane Mruts,
Ulrich Müeller,
Kate Muller,
Michele E Murdoch,
G. V. S. Murthy,
Kamarul Imran Musa,
Jean B. Nachega,
Gabriele Nagel,
Mohsen Naghavi,
Aliya Naheed,
Kovin Naidoo,
Luigi Naldi,
Vinay Nangia,
Gopalakrishnan Natarajan,
Dumessa Edessa Negasa,
Ionuţ Negoi,
Ruxandra Iriegoi,
Charles R. Newton,
Josephine W Ngunjiri,
Cuong Tat Nguyen,
Grant Nguyen,
Minh Nguyen,
Quyen Le Nguyen,
Trang Huyen Nguyen,
Emma Nichols,
Diur Anggraini Ningrum,
Sandra Nolte,
Vuong Minh g,
Bo Norrving,
Jean Jacques Noubiap,
Martin O’Donnell,
Felix Akpojene Ogbo,
InHwan Oh,
Anselm Okoro,
Olanrewaju Oladimeji,
Andrew T Olagunju,
Tinuke O Olagunju,
Helen Elizabeth Olsen,
Bolajoko O. Olusanya,
Jacob Olusegun Olusanya,
Sok King Ong,
John Nelson Opio,
Eyal Oren,
Alberto Ortíz,
Aaron OsgoodZimmerman,
Majdi Osman,
Mayowa Owolabi,
P A Mahesh,
Rosana Pacella,
Adrian Pană,
Basant Kumar Panda,
Christina Papachristou,
EunKee Park,
Charles Parry,
Mahboubeh Parsaeian,
Scott B. Patten,
George Patton,
Katherine Paulson,
Neil Pearce,
David M. Pereira,
Norberto Perico,
Konrad Pesudovs,
Carrie Beth Peterson,
Max Petzold,
Michael Phillips,
David M. Pigott,
Julian David Pillay,
Christine Pinho,
Dietrich Plaß,
Martin A Pletcher,
Svetlana Popova,
Richie Poulton,
Farshad Pourmalek,
Dorairaj Prabhakaran,
Narayan Prasad,
Noela M Prasad,
Carrie Purcell,
Mostafa Qorbani,
Reginald Quansah,
Rynaz H.S. Rabiee,
Amir Radfar,
Anwar Rafay,
Kazem Rahimi,
Afarin RahimiMovaghar,
Vafa RahimiMovaghar,
Mahfuzar Rahman,
Mohammad Hifz Ur Rahman,
Rajesh Kumar Rai,
Saša Rajšić,
Usha Ram,
Chhabi Lal Ranabhat,
Zane Rankin,
Paturi Vishnupriya Rao,
Puja C Rao,
Salman Rawaf,
Sarah E Ray,
Robert C. Reiner,
Nikolas Reinig,
Marissa B Reitsma,
Giuseppe Remuzzi,
André M. N. Renzaho,
Serge Resnikoff,
Satar Rezaei,
Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro,
Luca Ronfani,
Gholamreza Roshandel,
Gregory A. Roth,
Ambuj Roy,
Enrico Rubagotti,
George Mugambage Ruhago,
Soheil Saadat,
Nafis Sadat,
Mahdi Safdarian,
Sare Safi,
Saeid Safiri,
Rajesh Sagar,
Ramesh Sahathevan,
Joseph K. Salama,
Joshua A. Salomon,
Sundeep Salvi,
Abdallah M Samy,
Juan Sanabria,
Damian Santomauro,
Itamar S Santos,
João Vasco Santos,
Milena M Santric-Milicevic,
Benn Sartorius,
Maheswar Satpathy,
Monika Sawhney,
Sonia Saxena,
María Inês Schmidt,
Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider,
Ben Schöttker,
David C. Schwebel,
Falk Schwendicke,
Soraya Seedat,
Sadaf G Sepanlou,
Edson ServánMori,
Tesfaye Setegn,
Katya Anne Shackelford,
Amira Shaheen,
Masood Ali Shaikh,
Mansour Shamsipour,
Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam,
Jayendra Sharma,
Rajesh Sharma,
Jun She,
Peilin Shi,
Chloe Shields,
Mika Shigematsu,
Yukito Shinohara,
Rahman Shiri,
Reza Shirkoohi,
Shreya Shirude,
Kawkab Shishani,
Mark G. Shrime,
Abla Mehio Sibai,
Inga Dóra Sigfúsdóttir,
Diego Augusto Santos Silva,
João Pedro Silva,
Dayane Gabriele Alves Silveira,
Jasvinder A. Singh,
Narinder Singh,
Dhirendra Narain Sinha,
Eirini Skiadaresi,
Vegard Skirbekk,
Erica Leigh Slepak,
Amber Sligar,
David L. Smith,
Mari Smith,
Badr Hasan Sobaih,
Eugène Sobngwi,
Reed J D Sorensen,
Tatiane Cristina Moraes Sousa,
Luciano A. Sposato,
Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy,
Vinay Srinivasan,
Jeffrey D Stanaway,
Vasiliki Stathopoulou,
Nicholas Steel,
Dan J. Stein,
Murray B. Stein,
Caitlyn Steiner,
Timothy J. Steiner,
Sabine Steinke,
Mark A. Stokes,
Lars Jacob Stovner,
Bryan Strub,
Michelle L Subart,
Mu’awiyyah Babale Sufiyan,
Rizwan Suliankatchi Abdulkader,
Bruno Sunguya,
Patrick J Sur,
Soumya Swaminathan,
Bryan L. Sykes,
Dillon O Sylte,
Rafael TabarésSeisdedos,
Getachew Redae Taffere,
Jukka Takala,
Nikhil Tandon,
Mohammad Tavakkoli,
Nuno Taveira,
Hugh R. Taylor,
Arash TehraniBanihashemi,
Tesfalidet Tekelab,
Girma Temam Shifa,
Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi,
Dawit Tesfaye,
Belay Tesssema,
Ornwipa Thamsuwan,
Katie E. Thomas,
Amanda G. Thrift,
Tenaw Yimer Tiruye,
Ruoyan Tobe-Gai,
Mette Christophersen Tollånes,
Marcello Tonelli,
Roman Topór-Mądry,
Miguel Tortajada,
Mathilde Touvier,
Bach Xuan Tran,
Surya Kant,
Christopher Troeger,
Thomas Truelsen,
Derrick Tsoi,
Kald Beshir Tuem,
E. Murat Tuzcu,
Stefanos Tyrovolas,
Kingsley Nnanna Ukwaja,
Eduardo A. Undurraga,
Chigozie Jesse Uneke,
Rachel L Updike,
Olalekan A. Uthman,
Benjamin S. Chudi Uzochukwu,
Job F. M. van Boven,
Santosh Varughese,
Tommi Vasankari,
V Venkatesh,
Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian,
Ramesh Vidavalur,
Francesco Saverio Violante,
Sergey Konstantinovitch Vladimirov,
Vasily Vlassov,
Fiseha Wadilo,
Tolassa Wakayo,
YuanPang Wang,
Marcia R. Weaver,
Scott Weichenthal,
Elisabete Weiderpass,
Robert G Weintraub,
Andrea Werdecker,
Ronny Westerman,
Harvey Whiteford,
Tissa Wijeratne,
Charles Shey Wiysonge,
Charles Wolfe,
Rachel Woodbrook,
Anthony D. Woolf,
Abdulhalik Workicho,
Sarah Wulf Hanson,
Denis Xavier,
Gelin Xu,
Simon Yadgir,
Mohsen Yaghoubi,
Bereket Yakob,
Lijing L. Yan,
Yuichiro Yano,
Pengpeng Ye,
Hamid Yimam Hassen,
Paul S. F. Yip,
Naohiro Yonemoto,
SeokJun Yoon,
Marcel Yotebieng,
Mustafa Z Younis,
Zoubida Zaidi,
Maysaa El Sayed Zaki,
Elias Asfaw Zegeye,
Zerihun Menlkalew Zenebe,
Xueying Zhang,
Maigeng Zhou,
Ben Zipkin,
Sanjay Zodpey,
Liesl Zühlke,
Christopher J L Murray
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
carolina digital repository (university of north carolina at chapel hill)
Language(s) - English
DOI - 10.17615/0m4r-4920
Subject(s) - burden of disease , incidence (geometry) , medicine , environmental health , disease , global health , systematic review , gerontology , medline , public health , political science , pathology , physics , optics , law
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