A conformação protetiva dos direitos fundamentais em pesquisas científicas com seres humanos: Um olhar face aos fundamentos autonomia e vulnerabilidade

Objective: It seeks to identify the fundamental rights of research participants that should be protected in the course of experiments. It is also intended to address autonomy and vulnerability, as inherent assumptions to the research situation, clarifying its relevance for the maximization of guardianship. Methodology: The research has a bibliographic nature, in books and articles of the legal area, in ordinary legislations and related resolutions, as well as in articles published in periodicals in the area of Health. Results: Scientific research with people must have as a primary presupposition adequate and effective observance of their inherent fundamental rights, considering that in this relationship, the exercise of autonomy, revealed by obtaining consent, and the condition of vulnerability should not be ruled out. Conclusion: The preservation of the fundamental rights of the research participants should strive to capture the externalization of a truly enlightened will, considering, including conditions of vulnerability that are materialized from different circumstances and from different social and economic aspects. Such a guarantee depends on the collection of an adequate and effective consent from the researcher in charge, protecting more broadly the dignity and the rights of those subjects who participate in the research.