T-cell Non-Hodgkin lymphoma associated with myelodysplasia: A case report in a child

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal bone marrow disease characterized by ineffective erythropoiesis. MDS patients have cytopenia. The risk of acute leukemia, and particularly of acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML), is the most important characteristic of the disease. Myelodysplasia associated with NHL has been rarely described in the literature. This is suggested to be due to the defect in the immune system, an up-regulation of some cytokines, and a common molecular origin. In this case report article, we reported a 7-year-old pediatric NHL case with a normal karyotype and myelodysplasia in the bone marrow and discussed the pathogenesis of the association of NHL and myelodysplasia.