Predictors of intrauterine growth restriction

DOI: 10.21276/sjams.2018.6.12.22 Abstract: IUGR is pathologic inhibition of intrauterine fetal growth. Risk factors for IUGR comprise maternal factors, fetal factors, adnexal factors & Placental or umbilical cord factors. For predicting IUGR a combined approach using clinical data, serum markers, and biophysical parameters has higher predictive value. Maternal BMI, Symphysis–fundal height have been used to predict IUGR. Biochemical markers are recently being evaluated for predicting IUGR including angiogenesis-related biomarkers, endothelial function/oxidative stress-related biomarkers, placental proteins/ hormone-related biomarkers metabolomics & genetic biomarkers. Sonography is a noninvasive technique for predicting IUGR early. Sonographically measured fetal femur lengthabdominal circumference ratio, Foetal Ponderal Index, Umbilical artery systolic/ diastolic (S/D) ratio, resistance index, pulsatility index, MCA-PSV,TCD/AC ratio, Placental Quotient , increased pulsatility index in uterine artery are used in predicting IUGR. Biometry & amniotic fluid volume also show promising value in predicting IUGR early.