English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

The objective of this paper is to analyze the gender earning gaps existing in urban areas of Pakistan using data from a household survey. The earning functions have been estimated separately for males and females using Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) as well as quantile regressions including education, literacy, experience, employment related variables such as type of industry and occupation and age as explanatory variables. The earning gaps between males and females have also been analyzed using the Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition method. Results suggest higher mean earnings for males as compared to females but higher incremental returns to investment in human capital for females at all levels of education. Further, higher returns to schooling have also been noted in bottom part of the income distribution i.e. 5 th & 25 th quantiles for workers of both sexes as compared to those present in the top of the distribution i.e. 75 th & 95 th quantiles at all educational levels. Education, industry of employment and occupations has been emerged as the main determinants of income gap between male and female workers in urban Pakistan.

Gender earnings gap in urban Pakistan: evidence from ordinary least squares and quantile regressions