Open AccessStudy of Pattern of the Talar Articular Facets in 150 Dried Adult Human Calcanei of North Karnataka Population
Author(s) -
Taqdees Fatima,
S Deepalaxmi,
H Jaishree
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
international journal of anatomy and research
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2321-8967
pISSN - 2321-4287
DOI - 10.16965/ijar.2021.141
Subject(s) - calcaneus , subtalar joint , anatomy , tarsal bone , heel , tarsal joint , tarsus (eyelids) , population , orthodontics , foot (prosody) , biology , medicine , ankle , surgery , linguistics , philosophy , environmental health , eyelid
Calcaneus and talus are bones of the hind foot. Calcaneus being the largest of tarsal bones has three facets on its superior surface for articulation with the talus namely anterior, middle and posterior talar facets. Proper alignment of these two bones is essential for maintenance of the arches of foot. Variations in the talar facets of calcanei are important because they influence subtalar joint stability. In many diseases of foot such as the talocalcaneal arthritis and coalition, intra-articular fracture etc, the size, shape and relation of talus and calcaneus with each other and other bones of the foot must be considered for the external and internal fixation and for other surgical procedures. Objectives: The present work is intended to study different patterns of talar articular facets on the calcaneum to have a better understanding of anatomical elements contributing to subtalar joint stability and to correlate findings of the present study with existing literature. Materials and Methods: 150 dry adult undamaged and non-pathological human calcanei of unknown sex were obtained from museum section of department of Anatomy of various medical colleges in North Karnataka. The pattern of talar articular facets with reference to their shape and number was studied and interfacet distance between anterior and middle talar facets was measured using sliding vernier callipers. The data was subjected for statistical analysis. Results: Based on notable characteristic features, calcanei were grouped into five types:73.3% of calcanei belonged to Type I, 22% to Type II, 2% to Type III, 2% to Type IV and 0.7% to type V. Conclusion: Unique feature of the present study was that all the five types of calcanei were found. Type I being the commonest(73.3%) and Type V which is the rarest type and has been scarcely reported in the literature was also seen in one calcaneum. Pattern of talar articular facets on calcaneum exhibits racial differentiation which could be probably genetically determined. KEY WORD: Articular, Calcaneus, Facets, Talus.