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A numerical study was conducted to investigate the effect of the shape and spacing of developed inclined studs on the behaviour of steel-plate–concrete shear walls subject to combined loads of axial force, bending moment and shear. Finite-element analyses considering different shapes and stud spacings were carried out. The results showed that the compressive strength of the steel-plate–concrete walls was approximately three times higher than their tensile strength. Comparing the numerical analyses with designs based on the Korean electric power industry code confirmed that all specimens had higher capacities than the design strengths. However, using the design code, the moment capacity and shear strength were not influenced by an axial force of 0·1–0·2 times the axial strength. Finite-element analysis confirmed that, with higher axial force, the moment capacity and shear strength decreased.

Research on steel-plate–concrete walls with inclined studs under combined loads