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Diachasmimorpha kraussii  (Fullaway) (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) was first released against  Bactrocera latifrons  (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) in Hawaii in March 2003. Over a three month period, eight releases, totaling 7,696 females and 3,968 males, were made in a turkeyberry,  Solanum torvum  Swartz (Solanales: Solanaceae) patch known to have a well established  B. latifrons  population. The establishment of  D. kraussii  was assessed through fruit collections conducted over a three-year period beyond the last release.  D. kraussii  was recovered 2 weeks, 31 months, and 39 months after the last parasitoid release, with collections not only from the release site, but also from a control site about 5.0 km distance from the release site. Recovery from fruit collections three years after the last parasitoid release confirmed that  D. kraussii  had become established in Hawaii. Parasitism rates were low, only 1.0–1.4%, compared to rates of 2.8–8.7% for the earlier established egg-larval parasitoid,  Fopius arisanus  (Sonan).

Release and Establishment of the ParasitoidDiachasmimorpha kraussiiAgainst the Tephritid Fruit FlyBactrocera latifronsin Hawaii