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Application of bait spray to crop borders is a standard approach for suppression of melon fly,  Bactrocera cucurbitae  (Coquillett) (Diptera: Tephritidae) populations and may also be of value for suppression of oriental fruit fly,  B. dorsalis  (Hendel) populations. Establishment of preferred roosting hosts as crop borders may help to improve suppression of both fruit fly species by providing sites for bait spray applications. In an area-wide  B. cucurbitae  suppression trial, the question was raised as to whether cassava,  Manihot esculenta  Crantz (Euphorbiales: Euphorbiaceae), could be used as a  B. cucurbitae  roosting host.  M. esculenta  was of interest as a roosting host because, in contrast to many other identified preferred roosting hosts, it would also be a crop potentially increasing the productivity of the crop production system overall. As a short-lived and shrubby perennial,  M. esculenta  potentially constitutes a crop with more persistent roosting foliage than an annual crop such as corn,  Zea mays  L. (Cyperales: Poaceae), that has often been planted as a roosting host for  B. cucurbitae  control. Using protein-baited traps set amidst potted plants placed adjacent to a papaya  Carica papaya  L. (Violales: Caricaceae) orchard known to have established populations of  B. cucurbitae  and  B. dorsalis , the effectiveness of  M. esculenta  as a roosting host was assessed by comparing its attractiveness to that of castor bean,  Ricinus communis  L (Malpighiales: Euphorbiaceae), previously identified as one of the most attractive roosting hosts for  B. cucurbitae , and to corn, a crop which has been planted as a roosting host for help in  B. cucurbitae  control. The results showed that use of  M. esculenta  as a roosting host is comparable to use of  R. communis  by both  B. cucurbitae  and  B. dorsalis.  These results provide encouragement to incorporate  M. esculenta  on a farm as a trap crop (i.e. site for bait spray application). This has the advantage of having the trap crop be a crop on its own (as opposed to castor bean) and, among prospective crops that could be used as a trap crop, has foliage more persistent than an annual trap crop such as corn.

journal of insect science

Assessment of Attractiveness of Cassava as a Roosting Plant for the Melon Fly,<i>Bactrocera cucurbitae</i>, and the Oriental Fruit Fly,<i>B. dorsalis</i>

Assessment of Attractiveness of Cassava as a Roosting Plant for the Melon Fly,Bactrocera cucurbitae, and the Oriental Fruit Fly,B. dorsalis