Open AccessU.S. Food and Drug Administration Approval: Rituximab in Combination with Fludarabine and Cyclophosphamide for the Treatment of Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Author(s) -
Casak Sandra J.,
Lemery Steven J.,
Shen Yuan Li,
Rothmann Mark D.,
Khandelwal Aakanksha,
Zhao Hong,
Davis Gina,
Jarral Vaishali,
Keegan Patricia,
Pazdur Richard
Publication year - 2011
Publication title -
the oncologist
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.176
H-Index - 164
eISSN - 1549-490X
pISSN - 1083-7159
DOI - 10.1634/theoncologist.2010-0306
Subject(s) - medicine , rituximab , fludarabine , chronic lymphocytic leukemia , cyclophosphamide , oncology , clinical endpoint , clinical trial , leukemia , chemotherapy , lymphoma
Learning Objectives After completing this course, the reader will be able to: Compare the survival benefits of rituximab in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide to those of alemtuzumab, bendamustine, and ofatumumab in patients with CLL. Identify CLL patients for whom rituximab in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide may be an appropriate first‐line regimen.This article is available for continuing medical education credit at CME.TheOncologist.comPurpose. To describe the clinical studies that led to the FDA approval of rituximab in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC) for the treatment of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Materials and Methods. The results of two multinational, randomized trials in CLL patients comparing rituximab combined with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide versus FC were reviewed. The primary endpoint of both studies was progression‐free survival (PFS). Results. The addition of rituximab to FC decreased the risk of a PFS event by 44% in 817 previously untreated patients and by 24% in 552 previously treated patients. Median survival times could not be estimated. Exploratory analysis in patients older than 70 suggested that there was no benefit to patients when rituximab was added to FC. The safety profile observed in both trials was consistent with the known toxicity profile of rituximab, FC, or CLL. Conclusions. On the basis of the demonstration of clinically meaningful prolongation of PFS, the FDA granted regular approval to rituximab in combination with FC for the treatment of patients with CLL. The magnitude of the treatment effect in patients 70 years and older is uncertain.