Phonophoresis in temporomandibular joint disorders: A clinical trial

Background and Objective: Temporomandibular joint disorders (TMDs) are identified as a major cause of non-dental pain in the orofacial region. An effective drug delivery into this complex joint can result in a good prognosis. Phonophoresis is a novel phenomenon that exponentially increases the absorption of topical pharmacological compounds and achieves effective therapeutic drug concentration at the target site. Hence, this study is designed to assess the feasibility and effectiveness of aceclofenac gel phonophoresis in the management of TMDs. Methods: Selected 60 patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Group A were treated with aceclofenac gel phonophoresis and Group B with that of its topical application for 15 days. The scores of visual analog scale (VAS), maximum mouth opening, lateral and protrusive excursion, Helkimo anamnestic and clinical dysfunction index, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein were evaluated at baseline and 15 days after treatment. Results: Statistically significant increase in mean maximum mouth opening, lateral excursion and a significant reduction in scores of VAS, Helkimo anamnestic, and clinical dysfunction index were observed post-treatment in Group A as compared to Group B. Conclusions: Aceclofenac gel phonophoresis is feasible and effective in reduction of signs and symptoms of TMDs.