Face transplant: A revolutionary approach and role of dentist

Face transplant forms a part of vascularized composite tissue allotransplantation (transfer of organs or tissue from one individual to another), which is the basis of modern microsurgery and reconstructive plastic surgery. A face transplant is a medical procedure to replace all or part of a person’s face using tissue from a cadaver. Face transplantation can include skin from the face, neck and/or scalp, lips and tongue, muscles used for facial movement and expression, and nerves to animate as well as to provide sensation. Supportive bony structures can also be included. Oral surgeons play a major role in alignment of teeth, reconstruction of midface, maxilla, mandible including teeth, and tongue. It gives better esthetics and functional results including increase in the opening of mouth, chewing, and breathing. The new computer-assisted planning and execution system aims to make it less likely to misalign the new set of bones, jaws, and prevent other reconstructive abnormalities. In spite of risks and rejection, face transplant gives a better appearance, i.e., gives a new life to the patient and improves his social status and lifestyle.