Effect of Diabetes on the Pharmacokinetic Profile of Fluoroquinolones

Fluoroquinolones are broad spectrum antibiotics used clinically to treat bacterial infectious diseases. They are among the commonly and widely prescribed antibiotics. Reports have linked the use of fluoroquinolones to significant dysglycemia. This work was designed to investigate the pharmacokinetic profile of ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin in diabetic rats. Methods. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were treated orally with the fluoroquinolones for 7 days, Blood samples were collected from the retro orbital plexus for the estimation of serum concentration, area under the curve, mean retention time, half lives, volume of distribution and other pharmacokinetic indices. Results: The result revealed increase in the values of maximum serum concentration (Cmax), area under the curve (AUC), area under the moment curve (AUMC), mean resident time (MRT), half life (t1/2), volume of distribution (Vd) and decreased clearance rate (Cl) compared with the values in non diabetic rats. The effects were more on moxifloxacin and least on ciprofloxacin. Conclusion: Diabetes state significantly (p < 0.05) elevated the pharmacokinetic indices of fluoroquinolones.