Jaw-Winking Marcus Gunn Management in Ophthalmology Department Sanglah Hospital Denpasar

Jaw-winking Marcus Gunn was first described in 1883 as unilateral ptosis with eyelid retraction associated with activation of the pterygoid muscle (jaw movement). Approximately 50% of blepharoptosis cases are congenital.1,2 Marcus Gunn incidence is an example of congenital synkinetic ptosis that accounts 5% of all cases of congenital ptosis with various degrees. Acquired forms have been described after eye surgery, trauma, post-Bell’s palsy and pontine tumors.1,3 Jaw-winking ptosis is almost always sporadic, but familial cases have been reported with autosomal dominant. No known racial predilection exists. Early reports showed jaw-winking ptosis to be more prevalent in females than in males; however, larger case series have shown an equal prevalence among males and females. Marcus Gunn jaw-winking syndrome is usually evident at birth. The winking phenomenon is often first noted by the parents when the infants are feeding.1,4 The etiology of Marcus Gunn jaw-winking is obscure. It was originally assumed that the Jaw-winking marcus gunn management in Ophthalmology Department Sanglah Hospital Denpasar