Energy use caps under scrutiny: An ecological economics perspective

This paper highlights the need to limit resource use, especially energy resource use in the global economy. First, the scientific literature on capping resource use in light of three primary issues (sustainable scale, fair distribution, efficient allocation) is reviewed, as ecological economics suggests that these concerns must be addressed to move towards sustainability. Second, the paper examines how several tools proposed for capping energy use can or cannot deliver effective responses to the three primary concerns in ecological economics. Finally, recommendations are provided for future research on understanding and analysing energy capping tools to effectively achieve both environmental and social goals.