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Seven synthetic hexaploid wheats (Triticum dicoccum/Aegilops tauschii) were subjected for investigation. Numerical variation of chromosome number in F<sub>1</sub> hybrids between three synthetics and common wheat varieties, was recorded. Hexaploid amphiploids (SHW) formed gametes with aneuploid chromosome number at a frequency of 13.2 and 14.8% as male and female parents, respectively. We speculated that the frequency of aneuploids in the generation might depend on variability of BA<sup>u</sup>- and D-genomes of synthetic parents, and could be used for increasing the genetic diversity in common wheat. The HMW-glutenins analysis divided two lines in SHW530 and 532 due to different genes present in the B-genome, and increased them to 9 synthetic lines. The subunits 1Dx1.5 + 1Dy10 was predominantly observed in the synthetics. Two other allelic variants 1Dx2 + 1Dy11 and 1Dx4 + 1Dy10.1 were found in four lines and appeared as new genes in SHW originated from Aegilops tauschii. The synthetic hexaploid lines could play a significant role as novel germplasm resources for improving the grain quality of bread wheat

Chromosome variation and HMW glutenins in synthetic hexaploid wheats (Triticum turgidumssp.dicoccum/Aegilops tauschii)