Основные достижения и направления развития аппаратной физиотерапии

During the recent years, the multifaceted investigations have been conducted with the purpose of the development and practical application of novel therapeutic and health-promoting technologies with the use of the methods of instrumental physiotherapy. To name but a few, these include optimization of pulsed impacts, realization of immunomodulatory action of various physical factors, introduction of new physico-pharmacological modalities and neurotropic physiotherapy, the use of laser Doppler flowmetry for the estimation of the effectiveness of physiotherapeutic treatment, and elucidation of the influence of physical factors on microcirculation. At present, the main lines along which physiotherapy develops include acquisition of new information necessary to formulate the theoretical basis for instrumental physiotherapy, comprehensive estimation of the influence of the new and traditional preformed physical factors on the general health-maintaining mechanisms (adaptation, compensation), investigations into pathogenesis of various diseases, development of effective therapeutic and health-promoting modalities with the elaboration of indications and contraindications for their prescription, elucidation of the possibility and expediency of joint or combined application of various physical factors. The great importance is attached under present-day conditions to the development of personalized approaches to the choice of physiotherapeutic modality for the treatment of concrete patients on an individual basis taking into consideration the known predictors of efficiency of a given method. One of the most rapidly developing directions is regenerative physiotherapy, i.e., a multidisciplinary branch of biomedicine that studies the mechanisms of action and the effectiveness of natural preformed physical factors for the restoration of damaged tissues and disturbed functions of the organs. Of special value are investigations devoted to the elucidation of the possibilities for the combined application of cellular technologies and physiotherapeutic techniques. However, very much remains to be done for the creation of the scientific basis of biologically controlled (feedback-regulated) physiotherapy. Much attention should be given to the creation of new up-to-date physiotherapeutic instrumentation to be employed for the development of innovative technologies designed to enhance the therapeutic effectiveness of health-promoting, curative, and prophylactic measures in wide clinical practice.