Антимікробні властивості Tanacetum balsamita L. (Asteraceae) за інтродукції в Поліссі України

The paper studies antimicrobial activity of ethanol extract of Tanacetum balsamita L. from the family Asteraceae, tribus Anthemideae, the plant being medicinally and pharmaceutically promising. Antimicrobial properties of Tanacetum balsamita were studied on test-cultures, collected from the Ukrainian Collection of Microorganisms (UCM, Institute of microbiology and virology SAS Ukraine), the test-cultures being of Escherichia coli (coliform bacillius) UCM B-906 (ATCC 25922); Staphilococcus aureus (golden staphylococcus) UCM B-904 (ATCC 25923); Pseudomonas aeruginosa (blue pus bacillus) UCM B-900 (ATCC 9027); Candida albicans UCM Y-1918 (ATCC 885-653). The above microorganisms are test strains used to determine antimicrobial properties of medicines. The antimicrobial effect of the investigated substances was studied by the method of successive dilutions which determines minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC). The extract has demonstrated selective antimicrobial activity against gram-positive bacteria strains of Staphylococcus aureus . In comparison with the solvent, MIC and MBC values showed an 8-times increase. T. balsamita extract revealed no bacteriostatic, bacteriocidal/fugicidal effect against gram-negative bacteria stains of Escherichia coli, P. aeruginosa and fungus C. albicans . The antimicrobial activity of the extract against S. aureus may be attributed to the presence of essential oil and phenolic compounds. The major compounds in the essential oil are epoxylynaloolacetate (60.13 %) and b-thujone (29.7 %). The following phenolic compounds have been determined with the high-performance liquid chromatography method: flavonoids – luteolin, apigenin, diosmetin, acacetin, apigenin-7-bioside, acacetin-7-bioside, apigenin-7-glycoside, luteolin-7-glycoside, diosmetin-7-bioside, diosmetin-7-glycoside, diosmetin-7-rhamnoside, and hydroxycinnamic acids – n-coumaric, caffeic, chlorogenic, isochlorogenic. The dominant compound is isochlorogenic acid (35 % of the total phenolic compounds detected). The experimental data obtained gives evidence that further research and application of T. balsamita is promising for creation of new anti-staphylococcus drugs.