Open AccessRisk Factors for Invasive Pneumococcal Disease in Children: A Population-based Case–Control Study in North America
Author(s) -
Orin S. Levine,
Monica M. Farley,
Lee H. Harrison,
Lewis B. Lefkowitz,
Allison McGeer,
Benjamin Schwartz
Publication year - 1999
Publication title -
pediatrics
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 2.611
H-Index - 345
eISSN - 1098-4275
pISSN - 0031-4005
DOI - 10.1542/peds.103.3.e28
Subject(s) - medicine , streptococcus pneumoniae , penicillin , odds ratio , pneumococcal infections , population , confidence interval , pediatrics , antibiotics , environmental health , microbiology and biotechnology , biology
. Objective. To identify risk factors for in- vasive pneumococcal disease, including penicillin-resis- tant infections, among children 2 to 59 months of age. Design. Case‐ control study. Participants. Patients with invasive pneumococcal infections identified by population-based surveillance (n 5 187) and controls identified through random-digit telephone dialing (n 5 280). Outcome measures. Invasive pneumococcal disease was defined as isolation of Streptococcus pneumoniae from a normally sterile site. Patients 2 to 59 months of age who were residents of one of four active surveillance areas were included. S pneumoniae isolates were tested by broth microdilution. Isolates with a minimum inhib- itory concentration to penicillin >2 mg/mL were consid- ered resistant. Results. Invasive pneumococcal disease was strongly
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