ALTERACIONES EN EL CRECIMIENTO Y DESARROLLO ÓSEO EN RATAS ALBINAS SOMETIDAS A DIETA DEFICIENTE EN PROTEÍNAS Y DIFERENTES CONCENTRACIONES DE HIERRO

The researches main objective, was to determine the effect that proteins and iron have when included in the diet involving the development of corporal craniofacial skeleton, mandibular, and femur of the albino rats. The rats received the following alimentary regimens: A1 (protein 10grms, iron 29 mg, ) A2 (protein 10grams, iron 46 mg), B1 (proteins 5grams, iron 46 mg). The sample was formed by 28 Holzman albino rats, of 21 days old, 4 experimental groups were formed. The alimentation was “ad libitun” and the consumption of the diet was recorded as well as the corporal weight gained. Records were kept during all experiments. The animals were sacrificed 46 days after the start of research, then the next step was to resects the cranium facial, mandibular, and the femur of the right leg. After cleaning all the soft tissues of the bone: They proceed to measure the following: a. craniofacial skeleton: anterior-posterior length , transversal length and height. b. mandibular: length of the body and ramus , thickness of the body. c. Femur: length and thickness. Histological preparations were done of the mandibular, femur, along with calcium removal from bone tissue. The sample was then colored with hematoxilin –eosin (HE), Peryodic acid of Schiff (PAS) and ferrocianurum pf potassium (Perls). The presence of osteoblastos, osteocyts and osteoclast was observed in the bone tissue and studied. The results revealed the effects of the different diets on the growing and development of the rats. Results are as follows: The corporal weight of the rats is in direct relation with the concentration of the proteins consumed on the diet. The growing of the craniofacial skeleton of the group of rats that consumed proteins 5 grams and iron 29mg on the diet was less developed. The length of the body, ramus and thickness of the mandibular less developed in the groups that consumer, protein 5 grams and iron 29 mg in the diet. The length and weight of the femur of the rats that consumed protein 5grams and iron 29 grams was significantly smaller in the group B1 in relation with the group A1 (protein 10g an iron 29mg). The number of osteoblastos, osteocyts and osteoclast during the period of growth and development of the mandibular and femur of the rats that consumed proteins 5grams en iron 29 mg is minor in relation to the group A1 (protein 10 grams and iron 29 mg). The quantity of hemosiderin present in the bone marrow of the mandibular and femur of the group (A) that consumed protein 10grams is moderated and the group of rats (B) that consumed 5grams, the grain of hemosiderin are scanty.