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espanolEl articulo cuestiona la imagen mitificada del proceso democratizador inaugurado en Espana tras la experiencia del regimen franquista y subraya el componente de la violencia politica desplegada en los escenarios de incertidumbre que presiden los contextos transicionales. La estructura del texto asume una division dual motivada por la reflexion teorica y el estudio analitico de un caso concreto vinculado con el fenomeno del terrorismo. El soporte teorico aporta una caracterizacion generalizada de los procesos de transicion democratica y detalla la manifestacion de la violencia politica en el marco de la cuestion territorial vasca. En el terreno empirico, el analisis recae en la estrategia prolongada de la lucha armada de ETA en la coyuntura articulada por la aprobacion del Estatuto de Autonomia en el ano 1979 y profundiza en la valoracion de una serie de hipotesis: por un lado, la debilidad representativa de la candidatura de Herri Batasuna frente a la consolidacion hegemonica de un nacionalismo moderado; y por otro, la solidez organizativa respaldada por la configuracion de una comunidad legitimadora en torno al discurso radicalizado del independentismo vasco. EnglishThis paper disputes the mythologized image of the democratizing process opened up in Spain after the experience of the Franco’s regime and stresses the component of political violence deployed in the scene of uncertainty that preside over the transitional contexts. The structure of the text assumes a dual division motivated by theoretical reflection and the analytical study of a concrete case linked to the phenomenon of terrorism. The theoretical support provides a general characterization of the processes of democratic transition and details the manifestation of political violence within the framework of the Basque territorial question. In the empirical field, the analysis falls on the prolonged strategy of ETA’s armed struggle in the conjuncture articulated by the approval of the Statute of Autonomy in the 1979 year and goes deeper into the valuation of a series of hypotheses: on the one hand, the representative weakness of the Herri Batasuna’s candidature against the hegemonic consolidation of a moderate nationalism; and on the other, the organizational solidity backed by the configuration of a legitimating community around the radicalized discourse of the Basque independence movement

Procesos transicionales y violencia política: la continuidad de la lucha armada de ETA (1978-1982)