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Disposal of poorly managed cassava mill effluent often results in serious environmental degradation. A low-cost treatment option was developed to alleviate this rising concern prevalent among third world processors. Frustum-shaped ceramic filters produced by mixing different proportions of sawdust and activated carbon with equal amounts of clay, kaolin and sherds powder and sintered at 850°C was assessed in this study. The results indicated pollutant removal efficiency ranging from 6.5 to 98.1% with the best removal efficiency obtained for chemical oxygen demand (COD) [97.9 - 98.1%] closely followed by biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) [71.24 - 77.14%] while (24.13 - 30.72%) and (6.5 - 71.7%) were obtained for turbidity and hydrogen cyanide respectively. The filter with 12.8% of sawdust, 5.1% of activated carbon, 7.13% of kaolin, 3.6% of sherds powder and 71.3% of clay gave the best removal efficiency. A maximum flow rate of 0.0035 L/H (LPH) was recorded with a corresponding time of first drop of 216 minutes. The high removal efficiency observed for some parameters, locally available construction materials and wastewater reuse options makes this a viable option for cassava mill effluent treatment, however, further study is required to optimize this technique to meet wastewater permissible limits.

Application of activated carbon impregnated composite ceramic filters in cassava mill effluent treatment: prospects and limitations