Assessment of serum interleukin-1receptor antagonist (IL-1RN) levels in overweight-obese women and its relation to the cardiovascular risk using Framingham score

* Department of Immunology, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq. Introduction Interleukin-1 is a proinflammatory marker that involved with its congers in the development of metabolism disorders including the obesity. Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) is an acute-phase protein that blocks the interleukin-1A and 1B receptors and thereby exerting anti-inflammatory effect. It is produced by activated monocytes and tissue macrophages and other cells. The relationship between IL1RN, IL-1beta and metabolic derangement included that the metabolic factors, like glucose or fatty acid, stimulate the expression of the IL-1B and thereby the IL-1B stimulates the expression and secretion of the IL1RN. This substance expressed in white rather than brown adipose tissue and a high serum levels observed in obese subjects. A relationship between IL-1RN polymorphism encoded rs315952 and Ser133Serand obesity was observed in obese hypertensive patients. In one study, Background and objective: Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL1RN) is an acute-phase protein that blocks the interleukin-1A and 1B receptors and thereby exerting an anti-inflammatory effect. Expression and secretion of IL1R are under the influence of the metabolic derangement. This study aimed to assess the serum levels of IL1RN in obese subjects taking into consideration its relationship to the cardio-metabolic risk factors in asymptomatic obese subjects. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Martyr LaylaQasm Center for Diabetes Mellitus in Erbil, Iraq. A total number of 170 women were recruited and distributed into three groups according to their body mass index (BMI): Group I (normal; ≤ 24.99 kg/m); Group II (overweight; 25-29.99 kg/m) and Group III (obese; ≥30 kg/m). The measurements of cardio-metabolic risk factors including the anthropometric measurements, blood pressure, lipid profiles and the score of cardiovascular events using Framingham Heart Study scoring were determined. Interleukin 1RN and high sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were also determined. Results: Overweight (Group II) and Obese (Group III) women had significant high values of cardio-metabolic risk factors. Group III have significant high values of hs-CRP, and IL IL-1RN levels compared with Group I and II. The serum levels of IL-1RN are increased as the body mass index is increased but is not associated with increased risk of the cardiovascular events or a proportional increased of hs-CRP. A significant correlation between serum IL-1RN levels with cardiovascular risk (%) was observed among subjects of Group II. Conclusion: The study concludes that serum IL-1RN levels are significantly increased withy body mass index in over-weight-obese subjects and its increment is not correlated with low-grade of inflammation assessed by measurement of hs-CRP. The clinical significant of determination of IL-1NR to predict cardiovascular events risk is marginal in overweight subjects.