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This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 26 different salts as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides for the control of Fusarium oxysporum fsp. cepae, the causal agent of Fusarium basal rot. A preliminary evaluation of the salts in vitro tests was performed at 2% (w/v). Among these salts, potassium acetate, potassium chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium phosphate dibasic, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate and trisodium phosphate enhanced the mycelial growth of the fungus compared to that of control (P ≤ 0.05). Except for diammonium phosphate, 15 other salts reduced mycelial growth to some extent (16.61-83.44%) (P ≤ 0.05). Ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and sodium metabisulfite completely inhibited mycelial growth, therefore used for further testing in soil. There were no significant differences between the inhibitory effects of ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate and sodium metabisulfite on the mycelial growth of the fungus (P ≤ 0.05). However, the LD50, minimum inhibition concentration (MIC), and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values found that sodium metabisulfite was more toxic to the fungus compared to two other salts. In soil tests, sodium metabisulfite completely inhibited the fungus at 0.4%. In contrast, ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium carbonate was able to inhibit the fungus at the highest concentration used in the study (P ≤ 0.05). The present study showed that F. oxysporum f. sp. cepae grow both on acidic and basic pH values. The fungus grown without inhibition between pH 6 and 9, but significantly decreased at higher and lower pH values (P ≤ 0.05). At pH 12, the mycelial growth was completely inhibited. Normal 0 21 false false false TR X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */  table.MsoNormalTable  {mso-style-name:"Normal Tablo";  mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;  mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;  mso-style-noshow:yes;  mso-style-priority:99;  mso-style-parent:"";  mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt;  mso-para-margin-top:0cm;  mso-para-margin-right:0cm;  mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt;  mso-para-margin-left:0cm;  line-height:115%;  mso-pagination:widow-orphan;  font-size:11.0pt;  font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";  mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;  mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;  mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;  mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";  mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;  mso-fareast-language:EN-US;}

Antifungal effect of various salts against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cepae, the causal agent of fusarium basal rot of onion