Role of noncoding RNAs in diseases

Most of the fundamental biological processes involve the interaction between various protein-coding and noncoding RNAs, and the RNA-binding proteins associated with them. The RNA-protein interactions results in the formation of ribonucleoprotein complexes (RNPs) and altercations in the levels and structure of either can affect the associated cellular function.  Recent studies suggest that non-protein coding share of the genome is aggressively involved in multiple functions, ranging from gene expression, chromatin modification, to cell proliferation and involved in a wide range of diseases. Further studies on the mechanisms by which ncRNAs operate would yield a wealth of information regarding their functional role and the growing understanding of RNA biology to develop new RNA-based tools for developing therapeutics.