Inflammation-related and Brain-enriched MicroRNAs Influence the Activation of Microglia Response to In vitro Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation

Microglia is one of the major resident immunecompetent cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and has become an important cellular component for understanding brain diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate the post-transcriptional expression of protein-coding mRNAs; miRNAs may play key roles in microglial activation in response to brain ischemia and other stressors. Through culturing primary rat microglial cells and establishing a microglial activation model by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). We found that the viability of the microglia was time-dependent. Expressions of inflammation-related miRNAs (miR-146a, -21, -181a, -221, and -222), and brain-enriched miRNAs (miR-124, -134, -9, -132, and -138) in microglia were modulated in an OGD model of ischemic insult. This research highlight discusses the findings of the recent study and the investigators’ active research endeavors.