COĞRAFİ BİLGİ SİSTEMLERİ’NİN (CBS) COĞRAFYA ÖĞRETİMİNDE KULLANIMININ ÖNEMİ VE GEREKLİLİĞİ

OZET Bilgi ve bilgisayar teknolojisinin gelisimi ile birlikte uygulanmaya baslanan Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS), bircok meslek dalinda ve is kolunda, takip ve planlama icin kullanilmaktadir. CBS en genel tanimiyla, her turlu veriyi birbirleriyle ve cografi konumlari ile iliskilendirerek bilgisayar ortaminda toplamak ve bunlari grafik ya da basili olarak izlemektir. Yeryuzunun tumuyle bir cografi mekân oldugu dusunuldugunde, yeryuzunde meydana gelen dogal ve beseri olaylarin dogrudan veya dolayli olarak cografya ile ilgili oldugu acikca gorulmektedir.   Ozellikle, 21. yuzyilin basindan itibaren cografya bilimi, Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri, Kuresel Konumlandirma Sistemi, Uzaktan Algilama, bilgisayar ve internet gibi sahip oldugu ustun teknoloji, arac-gerec ve metotlarla hayatin hemen tum alanlarinda insanogluna cok buyuk kolayliklar saglamaktadir. Bilgi cagini yasadigimiz bir yuzyilda, bilgi toplama, bilgi uretme ve bilgileri sorgulayip farkli sonuclar elde etme yoluyla, toplumun problemlerine yeni cozum yollari bulmak son derece onemlidir. Yeryuzune ait tum cografi bilgilerin bilgisayar ortamina aktarilip sorgulanmasi ve analiz edilmesini saglayan Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri, toplumlarin karsilastigi problemlere kalici cozumler uretme adina hayatin her safhasinda kullanilan onemli bir bilgi teknolojisidir. Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS)’nin okullarda yaygin bir sekilde kullanilmasi, konularin ogrencilere kapsamli ve sistemli bir sekilde aktarilmasini saglayarak etkin ogrenmeye hiz kazandiracaktir. CBS destekli ogretim yontemi, Cografya dersinde ogretmene yardimci olarak dersin amaclarini, icerigini ve degerlendirme etkinliklerini daha islevsel bir hale getirmektedir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Cografya Ogretimi, Cografi Bilgi Teknolojileri, CBS (Cografi Bilgi Sistemleri) ABSTRACT Geographic Information System (GIS), which was put into practice with the development of information and computer technology, has been used for monitoring and planning in various fields of professions during the last decade. In the most general sense, GIS is to gather any kind of data by correlating them both with each other and with their geographical locations in a computer media and then to monitor these graphically or in written form. When the whole earth is considered as a geographic place, it is clearly seen that the physical and social processes in the Earth’s crust have direct or indirect connection with geography. Especially from the beginning of 21 th century, Geography offers extreme comfort to human being in almost every aspect of life with its contemporary technologies, equipment and methods such as GIS, GPS, RS, computers and Internet. In this century named information era, it is vital to find new solutions to people’s problems by getting different results from gathering, providing, and querying information. GIS, which is based on entering the information about the earth into computer and analyzing the results, is a very important information technology that is being used in every aspect of life for finding permanent solutions to the problems that humans face. The common use of the Geographical Information Systems at the schools will provide the transfer of information extensively to the student and accelerate the learning in an effective way. As an assistant to the teacher in geography lesson, GIS supported education makes the aims, contexts and evaluation activities of the lesson more functional. Keywords: Geography Education, Geographic Information Technologies, GIS(Geographic Information Systems)