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received: March, 08th 2018 accepted: July, 21st 2018 ABSTRACT Although the coastal forests in Kenya are highly threatened by human activities, limited bat research has been undertaken in them or the human-modified habitats around them. We investigated insectivorous bat activity in Arabuko-Sokoke Forest (ASF) and adjacent farmlands, in order to understand how each habitat was used by bats. Bat activity was sampled with Pettersson D240X ultrasound detectors at 69 stations in different vegetation types in ASF (Cynometra forest, Brachystegia woodland and mixed forest) and farmlands (mango, coconut and mixed plots). The detector was always tuned to 33 kHz, and bat passes were counted along 10-minute 400 m transects at the start of each sampling hour in each station. In each activity survey station, insectivorous bats were also captured in mist-nets in order to determine which of the detector targeted bats could be captured. A total of 14,727 bat passes were counted in both habitats, which included 10,552 in the farmlands and 4,175 in ASF. The largest numbers of insectivorous bats were captured in farmlands. The mean number of bat passes per night in farmlands (152.9 ± 13.2) was significantly higher than in ASF (60.5 ± 4.6) (df = 68, t = -8.671, P <0.05, N = 69). There was no significant difference in the sampled medians of bat passes in the three main vegetation types both in the interior of the forest and in farmlands. Bat activity was highest during the rainy season. Bat activity in both habitats peaked at 1900hr (i.e. just after sunset), sharply declined to the lowest level at midnight, and then maintained a gradual increase from two to five in the morning. Although the farmlands in the study area had completely lost the indigenous vegetation found in ASF, some bat species, probably those more adapted to humanized environments, were found to use these habitats for foraging. This emphasizes the need for more bat research in humanmodified ecosystems in Africa in order to understand these patterns and establish proper conservation guidelines. Bat activity in the interior of Arabuko-Sokoke Forest and adjacent farmlands in Kenya