ИДИОПАТИЧЕСКИЙ СКОЛИОЗ: КТО ВИНОВАТ И ЧТО ДЕЛАТЬ?

The paper is a review of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) research carried out by a team of orthopedic spine specialists in the last 40 years. Based on the world literature data on this spinal disorder, as well as on own new findings, the authors validate the theoretical model of the AIS pathogenesis explaining its primary phenomenon - monoformity of three-axial deformity along with its polyetiologic nature. The first practical result of this model became the sequence of clinical symptom progression reflecting a transition of healthy spinal column into scoliotic one, which, in turn, defined criteria of risk for AIS development. Authors’ conclusions about the natural laws of the whole period of AIS development suggested reasons for some phenomena observed after its surgical correction. Based on these conclusions, authors discuss conceptual directions in prevention, conservative and surgical treatment of the most common spinal disorder.