Surgical Treatment of Extended Kyphotic Deformities of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine

Objective. To assess the efficacy of surgical treatment of kyphosis of various etiology, and to develop a differential etiology-based approach to the choice of surgical correction technique. Material and Methods. Seventy four patients with extended kyphotic deformities were operated on, including 13 patients with posttraumatic kyphosis; 13 – with congenital kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis with a prevalence of kyphotic component; 7 – with Scheuermann’s kyphosis; 12 – with dysplastic kyphoscoliosis; 11 – with neurogenic kyphosis and kyphoscoliosis; and 18 – with iatrogenic kyphotic deformities. Various types of corrective vertebrectomy were performed in 68 patients. Results. Average Cobb angle in patients with extended kyphosis decreased from 65.78° ± 30.70° to 40.00° ± 19.93°. The application of corrective vertebrectomy in 61 patients allowed for rise in efficacy of intraoperative deformity correction by 32.0 ± 13.5 %. Differential approach to the choice of treatment technique resulted in good outcome in 66 patients (83.8 %), and in satisfactory - in 10 patients (13.5 %). Conclusion. Differential approach to surgical treatment of extended kyphotic deformities in thoracic and lumbar spine increases the efficacy of surgical correction, decreases the risk of neurologic disorder development and progression, and restores the spine support function.