Soil and Water Bacteria in the Alaskan Subarctic Tundra
Author(s) -
H. J. Fournelle
Publication year - 1967
Publication title -
arctic
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.503
H-Index - 59
eISSN - 1923-1245
pISSN - 0004-0843
DOI - 10.14430/arctic3286
Subject(s) - psychrophile , tundra , soil water , subarctic climate , mesophile , thermophile , bacteria , gram , biology , ecology , environmental science , arctic , genetics
A study undertaken in a tundra area in southwestern Alaska showed that there were considerably greater numbers of bacteria in the soil than in the water. The highest plate count of a soil sample was 15,000,000 per gm., while of water it was 4,400 per ml. These counts were made of samples incubated at 20°C. Progressively lower counts were obtained at 37", 3'-5', 45", and 55%. While fewer kinds of bacteria were found in the soil, the difference between soil and water was not great. It was noted that mesophiles predominated both in numbers and in kinds, followed by psychrophiles and thermophiles, in that order. Based upon frequency of occurrence, comparable numbers of Gram-negative rods and sporeformers were isolated from soil samples; however, considerably more Gram- negative rods were found in water. Of I I bacterial genera or species identified, there were 8 Gram-negative rods: Achromobacter, Alcaligenes, Flavobacterium, Pseudomonas and 4 coliforms (Aerobacter aerogenes A. cloacae Escherichia freundii and E. intermeida). The 3 Gram- positive forms identified were: Bacillus, Micrococcus, and Streptococcus faecalis. R~SUMÉ. Bactéries du sol et de l'eau dans la toundra subarctique de l'Alaska. Une étude entre- prise dans une région de toundra dans le sud-ouest de l'Alaska a montré qu'on y trouve un nombre considérablement plus grand de bacttries dans le sol que dans l'eau. Le plus haut comptage sur plaque pour un échantillon de sol fut de 05,000,000 par gm alors qu'il n'ttait que de 4,400, par ml pour l'eau. Ces comptages furent effectués sur des échantillons incubés à 0°C. On obtint des comptages progressivement plus bas à 37", 3'-5', 35' et 55O. Le nombre d'espèces de bactéries était un peu plus bas pour le sol que pour l'eau. On a noté que les mésophiles prédominaient aussi bien en nombre qu'en espèces, suivis dans l'ordre par les psychrophiles et les termophiles.
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