Toxicity Assessment of Biologically Degraded Product of Textile Dye Acid Red G

Azo dyes are of environmental concern due to their recalcitrant nature. Several azo dyes and their decolorised and degraded products exert toxic and mutagenic effects on the flora and fauna. The nature and position of the aromatic rings and amino nitrogen atoms play an important role in the toxic properties of azo dyes. Several studies have thus far been emphasised on biodegradation of azo dye pollutants, though the role of their biodegraded product is rarely studied. Given a lack of this understanding, we have analysed the effects of degraded products of a di-azo textile dye Acid Red G by newly isolated bacterial species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PFK10, and Brevibacillus choshinensis PFK11. The genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Acid Red G and their degraded products were tested on the HeLa cell line and Human lymphocyte cell, respectively. The data of MTT assay has been shown that activity of degraded products of the Acid Red G was comparable to their parent dye. But chromosome aberration assay and sister chromatid exchange assay did not show any significant changes in chromosomes as compared to positive control mitomycin.