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Aim. To assess association of oral hypoglycemic therapy regimens prescribed after onset of diabetes with overall and cardiovascular mortality andrisk of fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction and stroke in patients with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods. Based on the results of a retrospective open cohort study, the 5-year risk of overall and cardiovascular mortality, myocardialinfarction and stroke was estimated in patients with type 2 diabetes diagnosed in 2004 and treated by various oral hypoglycemic agents. Cox regressionanalysis was used to assess the risk of death from any course, death from cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction and stroke. Results. Patients with type 2 diabetes treated with sulfonylurea drugs showed a significant 2-fold increase of overall and cardiovascular mortality risk(p Conclusion. Given the lower risk of complications in patients given metformin therapy, it is necessary to use it as the first-line treatment of patientswith newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.