English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

To search for virulence effector genes of the rice blast fungus,  Magnaporthe oryzae , we carried out a large-scale targeted disruption of genes for 78 putative secreted proteins that are expressed during the early stages of infection of  M. oryzae . Disruption of the majority of genes did not affect growth, conidiation, or pathogenicity of  M. oryzae . One exception was the gene  MC69 . The  mc69  mutant showed a severe reduction in blast symptoms on rice and barley, indicating the importance of MC69 for pathogenicity of  M. oryzae . The  mc69  mutant did not exhibit changes in saprophytic growth and conidiation. Microscopic analysis of infection behavior in the  mc69  mutant revealed that MC69 is dispensable for appressorium formation. However,  mc69  mutant failed to develop invasive hyphae after appressorium formation in rice leaf sheath, indicating a critical role of MC69 in interaction with host plants.  MC69  encodes a hypothetical 54 amino acids protein with a signal peptide. Live-cell imaging suggested that fluorescently labeled MC69 was not translocated into rice cytoplasm. Site-directed mutagenesis of two conserved cysteine residues (Cys36 and Cys46) in the mature MC69 impaired function of MC69 without affecting its secretion, suggesting the importance of the disulfide bond in MC69 pathogenicity function. Furthermore, deletion of the  MC69  orthologous gene reduced pathogenicity of the cucumber anthracnose fungus  Colletotrichum orbiculare  on both cucumber and  Nicotiana benthamiana  leaves. We conclude that MC69 is a secreted pathogenicity protein commonly required for infection of two different plant pathogenic fungi,  M. oryzae  and  C. orbiculare  pathogenic on monocot and dicot plants, respectively.

Large-Scale Gene Disruption in Magnaporthe oryzae Identifies MC69, a Secreted Protein Required for Infection by Monocot and Dicot Fungal Pathogens