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The  phist  gene family has members identified across the  Plasmodium  genus, defined by the presence of a domain of roughly 150 amino acids having conserved aromatic residues and an all alpha-helical structure. The family is highly amplified in  P .  falciparum , with 65 predicted genes in the genome of the 3D7 isolate. In contrast, in the rodent malaria parasite  P .  berghei  3 genes are identified, one of which is an apparent pseudogene. Transcripts of the  P .  berghei phist  genes are predominant in schizonts, whereas in  P .  falciparum  transcript profiles span different asexual blood stages and gametocytes. We pursued targeted disruption of  P .  berghei phist  genes in order to characterize a simplistic model for the expanded  phist  gene repertoire in  P .  falciparum . Unsuccessful attempts to disrupt  P .  berghei PBANKA_114540  suggest that this  phist  gene is essential, while knockout of  phist PBANKA_122900  shows an apparent normal progression and non-essential function throughout the life cycle. Epitope-tagging of  P .  falciparum  and  P .  berghei phist  genes confirmed protein export to the erythrocyte cytoplasm and localization with a punctate pattern. Three  P .  berghei  PEXEL/HT-positive exported proteins exhibit at least partial co-localization, in support of a common vesicular compartment in the cytoplasm of erythrocytes infected with rodent malaria parasites.

The Plasmodium PHIST and RESA-Like Protein Families of Human and Rodent Malaria Parasites