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The  W4  locus in soybean encodes a dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR2) that regulates pigmentation patterns in flowers and hypocotyl. The mutable  w4-m  allele that governs variegated flowers has arisen through insertion of a CACTA-type transposable element,  Tgm9 , in  DFR2 . In the  w4-m  line, reversion from variegated to purple flower indicates excision of  Tgm9 , and its insertion at a new locus. Previously, we have identified a male-sterile, female-sterile mutant among the selfed progenies of a revertant plant carrying only purple flowers. Co-segregation between  Tgm9  and the sterility phenotype suggested that the mutant was generated by insertion of  Tgm9  at the  St8  locus. The transposon was localized to exon 10 of  Glyma . 16G072300  that shows high identity to the MER3 DNA helicase involved in crossing over. Molecular analysis of fertile branches from two independent revertant plants confirmed precise excision of  Tgm9  from the  st8  allele, which restored fertility. In soybean, the gene is expressed in flower-buds, trifoliate leaves and stem. Phylogenetic analysis placed  St8  in a clade with the Arabidopsis and rice  MER3  suggesting that  St8  is most likely the orthologous  MER3  soybean gene. This study established the utility of  Tgm9  in gene identification as well as in forward and reverse genetics studies.

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Transposon Tagging of a Male-Sterility, Female-Sterility Gene, St8, Revealed that the Meiotic MER3 DNA Helicase Activity Is Essential for Fertility in Soybean