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Background  Despite control efforts, salmonellosis continues to cause an estimated 1.2 million infections in the United States (US) annually. We describe the incidence of salmonellosis in the US and introduce a novel approach to examine the epidemiologic similarities and differences of individual serotypes.    Methods  Cases of salmonellosis in humans reported to the laboratory-based National  Salmonella  Surveillance System during 1996–2011 from US states were included. Coefficients of variation were used to describe distribution of incidence rates of common  Salmonella  serotypes by geographic region, age group and sex of patient, and month of sample isolation.    Results  During 1996–2011, more than 600,000 S almonella  isolates from humans were reported, with an average annual incidence of 13.1 cases/100,000 persons. The annual reported rate of  Salmonella  infections did not decrease during the study period. The top five most commonly reported serotypes, Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Newport, Heidelberg, and Javiana, accounted for 62% of fully serotyped isolates. Coefficients of variation showed the most geographically concentrated serotypes were often clustered in Gulf Coast states and were also more frequently found to be increasing in incidence. Serotypes clustered in particular months, age groups, and sex were also identified and described.    Conclusions  Although overall incidence rates of  Salmonella  did not change over time, trends and epidemiological factors differed remarkably by serotype. A better understanding of  Salmonella , facilitated by this comprehensive description of overall trends and unique characteristics of individual serotypes, will assist in responding to this disease and in planning and implementing prevention activities.

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Salmonella enterica Infections in the United States and Assessment of Coefficients of Variation: A Novel Approach to Identify Epidemiologic Characteristics of Individual Serotypes, 1996–2011